Pediatric (Congenital) Heart Disease

Coronary Angiography (CAG) is a specialized diagnostic procedure used to visualize the coronary arteries — the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle. It helps detect blockages, narrowing, or abnormalities in the arteries that may cause chest pain, heart attacks, or other cardiac conditions. What is CAG? CAG is performed using a contrast dye and X-ray imaging (fluoroscopy). A thin, flexible catheter is inserted through the wrist or groin artery and guided to the coronary arteries. Once the contrast dye is injected, X-ray images are taken to show the flow of blood through the coronary vessels. When is Coronary Angiography recommended? Chest pain (angina) or tightness Positive stress test or abnormal ECG Suspected or confirmed heart attack (MI) Coronary artery disease risk in diabetic or high-risk patients Prior to angioplasty (PCI) or cardiac surgery What does it reveal? Location and severity of arterial narrowing or blockage Condition of the heart chambers and valves Need for further intervention such as angioplasty or bypass surgery Procedure Highlights Minimally invasive, typically done under local anesthesia Takes about 20–30 minutes Most patients are discharged the same or next day Performed in a dedicated Cath Lab by expert interventional cardiologist Dr.Chetan Jain

Angioplasty and Stent Placement Angioplasty and stent placement is a minimally invasive, image-guided procedure used to treat coronary artery disease (CAD) — a condition caused by the narrowing or blockage of the heart's blood vessels due to plaque buildup. What is Angioplasty? Angioplasty, also known as Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), involves the insertion of a small balloon through a catheter into a narrowed coronary artery. The balloon is gently inflated to widen the artery and restore blood flow to the heart muscle. What is a Stent? In most cases, a stent — a small, mesh-like metallic scaffold — is placed at the site of the blockage to keep the artery open permanently. Drug-eluting stents are commonly used to reduce the risk of re-narrowing (restenosis). When is it recommended? Acute heart attack (STEMI/NSTEMI) Unstable angina or chest pain not relieved by medication Significant coronary artery narrowing found on angiography High-risk coronary lesions with compromised blood flow Benefits of Angioplasty and Stenting Rapid symptom relief (e.g., chest pain, breathlessness) Minimally invasive with faster recovery Improved heart function and reduced risk of heart attacks Short hospital stay (typically 1–2 days) Advanced Techniques Available For patients with complex or calcified lesions, we also offer: Rotational Atherectomy (ROTA) Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) CHIP angioplasty for high-risk cases

CHIP Angioplasty refers to complex, high-risk coronary interventions performed in patients with severe or advanced heart disease who are not ideal candidates for routine angioplasty or surgery. What is CHIP Angioplasty? CHIP stands for Complex High-Risk Indicated Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. These procedures are done in critically ill, elderly, or high-risk patients who often have: Severely calcified arteries Multiple blockages or left main disease Poor heart function (low ejection fraction) History of failed bypass surgery (CABG) or inoperable disease Chronic total occlusion (CTO) of coronary arteries What makes it different? CHIP angioplasty goes beyond standard procedures by using advanced tools and techniques, such as: Rotational atherectomy (ROTA) Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) Mechanical circulatory support (e.g., Impella, IABP) if needed Benefits: Offers life-saving treatment to patients deemed too high-risk for surgery Provides a less invasive option compared to bypass surgery Improves quality of life and heart function in patients with limited options